Distribución y diversidad de macroinvertebrados acuáticos a lo largo de un gradiente de velocidad de la corriente

Autores/as

  • Francinne Aparecida de Freitas Viana Pimentel Departamento de Meio Ambiente, Prefeitura de Pinheiral, Pinheiral, RJ, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1550-9317
  • Tainá Maria Miranda Souza-Martins Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1285-7031
  • Ivyn Karla Lima-de-Sousa Laboratório Integrado - Simulídeos e Oncocercose & Entomologia Médica e Forense, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5756-805X
  • Tatiana Docile Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8964-5662
  • Ronaldo Figueiró Laboratório de Meio Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0762-1312

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47385/cadunifoa.v21.n56.6267

Palabras clave:

Insectos acuáticos, dípteros, Diversidad de Shannon-Wiener, ambiente lótico

Resumen

Los macroinvertebrados desempeñan funciones ecológicas esenciales en el flujo de energía y el ciclo de nutrientes. Su distribución y diversidad en los ríos están influenciadas por la velocidad de la corriente. La abundancia de estos organismos en áreas de aguas rápidas o estancadas varía según adaptaciones fisiológicas y morfológicas. Además, muchos grupos dependen de la corriente para respirar o alimentarse. Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la influencia de factores ambientales, como la velocidad de la corriente y la profundidad del arroyo, en la composición y distribución de los macroinvertebrados acuáticos. El muestreo se realizó en dos sitios en la parte alta del Parque Nacional de Itatiaia en junio de 2016. En cada sitio, se recolectaron muestras aleatorias simples de cinco cuadrantes de 30x30 cm. Para cada sitio, se determinaron variables de microhábitat abiótico como la profundidad y la velocidad de la corriente, medidas con una regla utilizando el método de la "barra de cabeza". El material recolectado se almacenó en viales que contenían alcohol etílico al 70% y posteriormente se clasificó e identificó. Se utilizó el índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener. Se recolectaron un total de 398 especímenes, distribuidos entre los órdenes Trichoptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Diptera y Odonata. Diptera fue el orden más abundante, con 340 individuos. El método de regresión geométrica indicó que la velocidad de la corriente se correlacionó positivamente con la diversidad (98,61%), mientras que la profundidad tuvo una influencia negativa (79,82%). Muchos estudios indican una tendencia de los organismos bentónicos en ambientes lóticos a ocupar profundidades más cercanas a la superficie del agua. Por lo tanto, podemos observar que estos animales prefieren aguas poco profundas, lo que sugiere que las corrientes más fuertes y las profundidades menores pueden determinar su diversidad y distribución.

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Biografía del autor/a

Francinne Aparecida de Freitas Viana Pimentel, Departamento de Meio Ambiente, Prefeitura de Pinheiral, Pinheiral, RJ, Brasil.

She has experience in the field of General Biology, with an emphasis on Biotechnology. She has carried out scientific initiation projects in the area of ​​Ecosystem Ecology and is currently the Director of Environment at the Pinheiral City Hall.

Tainá Maria Miranda Souza-Martins, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Currently pursuing a PhD in Biological Sciences (Zoology) at the National Museum - UFRJ, where she investigates the spatial distribution of immature blackflies (Insecta, Diptera, Simuliidae) in low-altitude areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Holds a Master's degree from the Postgraduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology at the State University of Rio de Janeiro - UERJ-ZO (2022). Completed a Specialization in Environmental Sciences at the Souza Marques Technical Educational Foundation - FTESM (2020). Graduated in Biological Sciences (Bachelor's degree) from the State University Center of the West Zone - UEZO (2018). Also holds a Technical degree in Chemistry from the Rezende Rammel Technical School - ETRR (2011). Has experience in environmental monitoring and ecology of aquatic insects with an emphasis on the Simuliidae family.

Ivyn Karla Lima-de-Sousa, Laboratório Integrado - Simulídeos e Oncocercose & Entomologia Médica e Forense, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

She holds a first degree in Biotechnology from the State University Center of the West Zone (2015), and a second degree in Biological Sciences (Licentiate) from Cruzeiro do Sul University (2021), a Master's degree in Biological Sciences - Zoology from the Postgraduate Program of the National Museum - UFRJ (2019), and a PhD in Biological Sciences - Zoology from the Postgraduate Program of the National Museum - UFRJ (2024). She has experience in the area of ​​Zoology and Ecology, with an emphasis on Taxonomy of recent groups in entomology, specifically aquatic insects, and an interest in environmental education and sustainability. She was a Substitute Professor at Uerj-Zo in the Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences (FCBS) from 2023.1 to 2025.2 and collaborates with the Laboratory of Environment and Health (LabMAS) at Uerj-Zo.

Tatiana Docile, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Tatiana Docile completed high school at the Instituto de Aplicação da Uerj (2006). She joined Fiocruz in 2003 through the Scientific Vocation Program for high school students. She studied Biological Sciences at the Federal Fluminense University and was a scholarship recipient of the Scientific Initiation Program at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. During this period, she participated in the organization of scientific events and presented papers at conferences. From 2008 to 2012, she was a Scientific Initiation scholarship recipient at the Center for Quantitative Methods in partnership with the Oswaldo Cruz Institute - FIOCRUZ, under the guidance of Dr. Claudia Codeço and co-guidance of Dr. Nildimar Honorio and Dr. Ronaldo Figueiró, in the biology of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. She has extensive experience in fieldwork, laboratory work, preparing technical and research reports, and teaching courses on the biology of the Aedes vector for institutions, municipalities, and schools. In 2014, she completed her Master's degree in Ecology at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro under the guidance of Dr. Jorge Nessimian and co-guidance of Dr. Ronaldo Figueiró. During this period, she was a monitor and tutor for subjects in her field, taught classes and short courses, presented papers at congresses and meetings, and participated in research and extension projects. She has published articles and a book chapter, and co-supervises undergraduate students. In March, she began her PhD at the same institution, continuing her research on trophic networks with an emphasis on the study of blackflies as a keystone species in lotic environments and how the use of biological control (BTI) affects the associated fauna. As part of her international experience, she completed an internship during her undergraduate studies at the Gulbenkian Institute of Science in Portugal and made a technical visit during her doctoral studies to Imperial College London - Silwood Park Campus in England. Simultaneously, she participated in international conferences in the United Kingdom and the United States. In February 2018, she completed her doctorate and was a university professor for four years. Shortly after, she participated in a research project at the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro and was also selected through a competitive process for a substitute professorship at CAP/UERJ. In 2018, she was invited to join a research project at Fiocruz on the topic of arbovirus prevention. From 2019 to 2022, she worked at the Laboratory of Professional Education in Health Surveillance at the Polytechnic School of Fiocruz, participating in numerous research and teaching projects. Since 2021, she has been an Adjunct Professor (public servant) at the Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira Application Institute - CAP/UERJ, working in teaching, research, and extension at the institution, in addition to coordination positions and involvement in distance learning (CEDERJ) since 2025. Since 2022, she has been a permanent faculty member of the Postgraduate Program in Biology Teaching - Professional Master's Degree in Biology Teaching in the National Network (PROFBIO - UERJ). As leader of the CNPq-funded research group, Education, Ecology and Health, she develops extension projects and interdisciplinary research focused on the integration of environmental education, health education, and sustainability. Currently, she is developing innovative educational strategies that articulate sustainable natural agriculture gardens, prevention of vector-borne diseases, mainly arboviruses, climate change, and the use of educational technologies, in collaboration with national and international partners. She collaborates with researchers from the Jean Piaget University of Angola, the University of Coimbra in Portugal, and the Africarte Association, which operates in Angola, Mozambique, and South Africa. She was invited through a partnership and represented UERJ at the international event Science is Wonderful!, held in March 2026 in Brussels, Belgium. This event, part of the Marie Curie Actions program, focused on scientific outreach for children and young people and is one of the European Union's leading research funding programs, aimed at international mobility and cooperation.

Ronaldo Figueiró, Laboratório de Meio Ambiente e Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Holds a degree in Biological Sciences (Ecology) from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (2002), the same institution where he completed his Master's (2004) and Doctorate (2010) degrees in Ecology. Between 2013 and 2015, he completed a postdoctoral fellowship in the Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Health (PPGBS/Fiocruz). He is currently the editor-in-chief of Acta Scientiae et Techniciae. He is currently an associate professor at the State University of Rio de Janeiro - West Zone Campus, where he works in the area of ​​Community Ecology, with an emphasis on Diptera: Simuliidae, studying the biotic and abiotic factors associated with their distribution patterns, their bioindicator potential for water quality in rivers and streams, and in the area of ​​science education research.

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2026-07-07

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DE FREITAS VIANA PIMENTEL, Francinne Aparecida; MIRANDA SOUZA-MARTINS, Tainá Maria; LIMA-DE-SOUSA, Ivyn Karla; DOCILE, Tatiana; FIGUEIRÓ, Ronaldo. Distribución y diversidad de macroinvertebrados acuáticos a lo largo de un gradiente de velocidad de la corriente. Cadernos UniFOA, Volta Redonda, RJ, v. 21, n. 56, p. 1–11, 2026. DOI: 10.47385/cadunifoa.v21.n56.6267. Disponível em: https://revistas.unifoa.edu.br/cadernos/article/view/6267. Acesso em: 11 jul. 2026.

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Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde